RevistaSPM 2024 01 - Flipbook - Page 128
SOCIEDADE
PORTUGUESA de
MATERIAIS
;^>DͿ ϭ͘ ƵƟůŝnjĂĕĆŽ ĚŽ Dy ƉĂƌĂ ĂĕŽƐ
ŝŶŽdžŝĚĄǀĞŝƐĚĞƐƚĂĐĂͲƐĞ͕ĐŽŵŽũĄƌĞĨĞƌŝĚŽ͕ŶĆŽƐſ
ƉĞůĂ ŵĂŝŽƌ ĂĐĞƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ ŵĞŶŽƌ ĐƵƐƚŽ ĚŽƐ
ĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐ͕ŵĂƐƚĂŵďĠŵƉĞůĂƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ
ĚĞƌĞĂƉƌŽǀĞŝƚĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞƌĞƐşĚƵŽƐ;ǀĞƌĚĞƐͿĐŽŵŽ
ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂͲƉƌŝŵĂ͘ &ŝŐƵƌĂ ϴ ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂ ĂůŐƵŶƐ
ĞdžĞŵƉůŽƐĚĞƉĞĕĂƐĚĞ/^/ϯϭϲ>ŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĂƐǀŝĂ
Dy͕ŶŽĞƐƚĂĚŽǀĞƌĚĞĞĂƉſƐƐŝŶƚĞƌŝnjĂĕĆŽ͘
ƉŽƐƐƵĞŵ ƌĞƐƚƌŝĕƁĞƐ Ğŵ ƚĞƌŵŽƐ ĚĞ ĚŝŵĞŶƐƁĞƐ
ŵĄdžŝŵĂƐ ĚĂƐ ƉĞĕĂƐ͕ Ž ƋƵĞ ƉŽĚĞ ůŝŵŝƚĂƌ Ă
ĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽ ĚĞƐƚĂ ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ ĐŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚĞƐ
ŵĂŝŽƌĞƐ͘ /ƐƐŽ ƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂ ƋƵĞ͕ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĨĂďƌŝĐŽ ĚĞ
ŐƌĂŶĚĞƐ ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂƐ͕ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ ƚĠĐŶŝĐĂƐ ĚĞ ĨĂďƌŝĐŽ
ƉŽĚĞŵƐĞƌŵĂŝƐĂĚĞƋƵĂĚĂƐ͘
ǀĞůŽĐŝĚĂĚĞĚĞƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĠƚĂŵďĠŵƵŵĨĂƚŽƌ
ĐƌşƟĐŽ ŶĂ ĐŽŵƉĂƌĂĕĆŽ ĞŶƚƌĞ Ă ĞdžƚƌƵƐĆŽ ĚĞ
ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂŝƐŵĞƚĄůŝĐŽƐĞŵĠƚŽĚŽƐĚŝƌĞƚŽƐĚĞĨĂďƌŝĐŽ
ĂĚŝƟǀŽ͘ ŵďŽƌĂ Ă ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂ ĂĚŝƟǀĂ ƐĞũĂ ŵĂŝƐ
ƌĄƉŝĚĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ĐƌŝĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƉƌŽƚſƟƉŽƐ Ğ ƉĞĕĂƐ
ƷŶŝĐĂƐ͕ĂƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽĞŵƐĠƌŝĞƉŽĚĞƐĞƌƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂƟͲ
ǀĂŵĞŶƚĞŵĂŝƐůĞŶƚĂ͘
WĂƌĂ ĂůĠŵ ĚĞƐƚĞƐ ĚĞƐĂĮŽƐ Ġ ĐƌƵĐŝĂů ƉĂƌĂ
ĂƉƌŽǀĞŝƚĂƌ ƉůĞŶĂŵĞŶƚĞ ŽƐ ďĞŶĞİĐŝŽƐ ĚĞƐƚĂ
ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂĞŵĞƌŐĞŶƚĞĞƵƐĂƌĂƐŝŵƵůĂĕĆŽĐŽŵŽ
Ă ĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂ ĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂů ƉĂƌĂ ŵŝŶŝŵŝnjĂƌ ŽƵƚƌĂƐ
ƉŽƐƐşǀĞŝƐĨƌĂƋƵĞnjĂƐĚŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ͘
&/'hZϴ
ĕŽŝŶŽdžŝĚĄǀĞůϯϭϲ>ƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĚŽƐǀŝĂDy͕ŶŽĞƐƚĂĚŽ
ǀĞƌĚĞĞĂƉſƐƐŝŶƚĞƌŝnjĂĕĆŽ
tecnologia, materiais e desafios
͘>/'^EK&ZZK^^ͲKZ
TECNOLOGIA,
MATERIAIS E
DESAFIOS
128
K ĐŽďƌĞ͕ ĂŽ ĐŽŶƚƌĄƌŝŽ ĚŽ ĂĕŽ ŝŶŽdžŝĚĄǀĞů͕
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂĞůĞǀĂĚĂƌĞŇĞƟǀŝĚĂĚĞĞĐŽŶĚƵƟďŝůŝĚĂͲ
ĚĞƚĠƌŵŝĐĂ͕ŽƋƵĞĚŝĮĐƵůƚĂŽƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĂŵĞŶƚŽƉŽƌ
ůĂƐĞƌ͘ƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĐŽŵĞƌĐŝĂŝƐĚĞ^>DƵƟůŝnjĂŵ
ƟƉŝĐĂŵĞŶƚĞĐŽŵƉƌŝŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĞŽŶĚĂĚĂŽƌĚĞŵ
ĚŽƐϭϬϬϬĂϭϭϬϬŶŵ͕ƋƵĞƐĆŽƌĞŇĞƟĚŽƐĂƚĠϵϴй
ƉĞůŽĐŽďƌĞƉƵƌŽϭϬ͘WĂƌĂĐŽŵďĂƚĞƌĞƐƚĞĞĨĞŝƚŽ͕
ƐĆŽ ƵƟůŝnjĂĚŽƐ ůĂƐĞƌƐ ĐŽŵ ŵĞŶŽƌ ĐŽŵƉƌŝŵĞŶƚŽ
ĚĞŽŶĚĂ͕ŵĂƐŶĆŽĞůŝŵŝŶĂƚŽƚĂůŵĞŶƚĞŽĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĂ
ƌĞŇĞƟǀŝĚĂĚĞ͘ƐƐŝŵ͕ŽDyĞŵĞƌŐĞĐŽŵŽƵŵĂ
ĞdžĐĞůĞŶƚĞ ƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂ ƉĂƌĂ Ž ĨĂďƌŝĐŽ ĂĚŝƟǀŽ ĚĞ
ĐŽďƌĞƉƵƌŽ͘KƐĞƵƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĂŵĞŶƚŽǀŝĂDy͕ŶŽ
Ěŝnj ƌĞƐƉĞŝƚŽ ă ĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽ͕ Ġ ƚĂŵďĠŵ ƐĞŵĞͲ
ůŚĂŶƚĞĂŽĚŽƐĂĕŽƐŝŶŽdžŝĚĄǀĞŝƐĞĂŽtͲŽ͕ĐŽŵ
Ă ĞdžĐĞĕĆŽ ĚŽ ĞĨĞŝƚŽ ĚĂ ĞůĞǀĂĚĂ ĐŽŶĚƵƟǀŝĚĂĚĞ
ƚĠƌŵŝĐĂ ĚŽ ĐŽďƌĞ͕ ƐĞŶĚŽ ƌĞĐŽŵĞŶĚĂĚĂ Ă ŶĆŽ
ƵƟůŝnjĂĕĆŽĚĂƐǀĞŶƚŽŝŶŚĂƐĞƵŵĂƚĞŵƉĞƌĂƚƵƌĂĚĂ
ďĂƐĞŵĂŝƐĞůĞǀĂĚĂ͕ƉĂƌĂĐŽŶƚƌĂƌŝĂƌŽĞĨĞŝƚŽĚĂ
ĐŽŶƚƌĂĕĆŽƌĄƉŝĚĂĚĂƉĞĕĂĐŽŵŽĂƌƌĞĨĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ͕
ĐĂƵƐĂ ĚĞ ĚĞĨĞŝƚŽƐ ϯ͘ dĂů ĐŽŵŽ ƐĞ ǀĞƌŝĮĐĂ ŶĂ
&ŝŐƵƌĂϱ͕ŽŝŵƉĂĐƚŽĚĂĂƚŵŽƐĨĞƌĂŶĂŵŝĐƌŽĞƐƚƌƵͲ
ƚƵƌĂĠǀŝƐşǀĞůƉŽƌŽďƐĞƌǀĂĕĆŽĚŝƌĞƚĂŶŽƐƉƌŽǀĞƚĞƐ
ƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĚŽƐƉŽƌDy͕ĂƚƌĂǀĠƐĚĂƐĚŝĨĞƌĞŶĕĂƐŶĂ
ĐŽƌ͘
Ϯ͘ϭ͘Ϯ&ZYh^;tͿ
hŵĂ ĚĂƐ ƉƌŝŶĐŝƉĂŝƐ ĨƌĂƋƵĞnjĂƐ ĚŽ Dy ĞƐƚĄ
ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂăůŝŵŝƚĂĕĆŽĚĞƚĂŵĂŶŚŽĚĂƐƉĞĕĂƐƋƵĞ
ƉŽĚĞŵ ƐĞƌ ĨĂďƌŝĐĂĚĂƐ ƉŽƌ ĞƐƚĞ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ ĚĞ
ĨĂďƌŝĐŽ͘KƐĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽƐĚĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽĂƚƵĂŝƐ
Ɛ ĐĂƌĂĐƚĞƌşƐƟĐĂƐ ĚĞ ƉƌŽĚƵĕĆŽ ĞƐƚĆŽ ƚĂŵďĠŵ
ĂƐƐŽĐŝĂĚĂƐĂƵŵĂĚŝƐƌƵƉĕĆŽŶŽĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶͲ
ƚŽ ĚŽ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ Ğ ŶŽ ƉƌŽũĞƚŽ ĚĞ ĞŶŐĞŶŚĂƌŝĂ͘
ƵƟůŝnjĂĕĆŽ ĚĞ ĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂƐ ƋƵĞ ƌĞĚƵnjĂŵ ŽƐ
ƚĞŵƉŽƐ ĚĞ ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ŶŽ ĚĞƐĞŶǀŽůǀŝŵĞŶƚŽ ĚĞ
ŵĂƚĠƌŝĂƐͲƉƌŝŵĂƐ͕ ƉƌŽĚƵƚŽ Ğ ŶĂ ĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂĕĆŽ
ĚŽƐƉĂƌąŵĞƚƌŽƐĚĞĨĂďƌŝĐŽĠĞƐƐĞŶĐŝĂů͘WĂƌĂĂůĠŵ
ĚĂ ƌĄƉŝĚĂ ƌĞƐƉŽƐƚĂ ŶŽ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ͕ Ġ ŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞ Ă
ƋƵĂůŝĮĐĂĕĆŽĞĐĞƌƟĮĐĂĕĆŽĚĞŽďũĞƚŽƐƋƵĞŶŽƐĞƵ
ŝŶƚĞƌŝŽƌ ƚĞŶŚĂŵ ƉŽƌŽƐŝĚĂĚĞƐ͘ EĞƐƐĞ ƐĞŶƟĚŽ͕ Ă
ƐŝŵƵůĂĕĆŽŶƵŵĠƌŝĐĂĞĂŵŽĚĞůĂĕĆŽŵƵůƟĞƐĐĂůĂ
ƵƟůŝnjĂŶĚŽ ĐŽŶĐĞŝƚŽƐ ĚĞ ŚŽŵŽŐĞŶĞŝnjĂĕĆŽ
ĂƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĂŵͲƐĞ ĐŽŵŽ ĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂƐ ĨƵůĐƌĂŝƐ
ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚĞƐ Ğŵ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĨĂƐĞƐ ĚŽ ƉƌŽũĞƚŽ ĚĞ
ĞŶŐĞŶŚĂƌŝĂĚĞD;DyͿ͘
/͘^/Dh>KEhDZ/
EŽDy͕ĂŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĞĂƉůŝĐĂĕĆŽĚĞĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂƐ
ĚĞ ƐŝŵƵůĂĕĆŽ ĂďƌĂŶŐĞ ƚŽĚĂƐ ĂƐ ĞƚĂƉĂƐ ĚŽ
ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽ͘ ŵ ĂůŐƵŶƐ ĐĂƐŽƐ͕ ĨĞƌƌĂŵĞŶƚĂƐ ĚĞ
ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐĮŶŝƚŽƐƐĆŽǀĞŶĚŝĚĂƐĞŵĐŽŵƉůĞŵĞŶͲ
ƚĂƌŝĚĂĚĞĂŽĞƋƵŝƉĂŵĞŶƚŽĚĞŝŵƉƌĞƐƐĆŽϯ͘ŵ
ƌĞůĂĕĆŽăƚĞĐŶŽůŽŐŝĂĚĞĨĂďƌŝĐŽĂĚŝƟǀŽDy͕ĂƐ
ƚƌġƐ ƟƉŽůŽŐŝĂƐ Ă ĚĞƐƚĂĐĂƌ ĚĂ ƵƟůŝnjĂĕĆŽ ĚŽƐ
ŵĠƚŽĚŽƐ ĚŽƐ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŽƐ ĮŶŝƚŽƐ ƐĆŽ ĂƐ
ƐŝŵƵůĂĕƁĞƐ ƚĠƌŵŝĐĂƐ͕ ƚĞƌŵŽŵĞĐąŶŝĐĂƐ Ğ
ŵĞĐąŶŝĐĂƐ͘ Ɛ ƐŝŵƵůĂĕƁĞƐ ƚĠƌŵŝĐĂƐ ƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŵ
ŽƟŵŝnjĂƌ ƚĂdžĂƐ ĚĞ ĂƋƵĞĐŝŵĞŶƚŽ Ğ ĞƐƚĄŐŝŽƐ
ƚĠƌŵŝĐŽƐĚĂĞƚĂƉĂĚĞĞůŝŵŝŶĂĕĆŽĚŽůŝŐĂŶƚĞĐŽŵ
ŽŽďũĞƟǀŽĚĞƌĞŵŽǀĞƌƚŽĚŽŽŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůŽƌŐąŶŝĐŽ
ϭϰ͘WŽƌƐƵĂǀĞnjĂƐƐŝŵƵůĂĕƁĞƐƚĞƌŵŽŵĞĐąŶŝĐĂƐ
ĂũƵĚĂŵŶĂƉƌĞǀŝƐĆŽĚĞĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐŶĂƐŝŶƚĞƌŝͲ
njĂĕĆŽĞŶĂĐŽŶĨŽƌŵĂĕĆŽĚŽŽďũĞƚŽϯϭϱ͕ϭϲ͘
ƐƚĂƐĂŶĄůŝƐĞƐƉĞƌŵŝƚĞŵƵŵĂĂĚĂƉƚĂĕĆŽĚŽ
ŝŶŝĐŝĂůĚŽŽďũĞƚŽϯ͕ĐŽŵƉĞŶƐĂŶĚŽĂŐĞŽŵĞƚƌŝĂ
ƉĂƌĂ ĂƐ ĚĞĨŽƌŵĂĕƁĞƐ ƋƵĞ ŽĐŽƌƌĞŵ ŶŽƐ ĐŝĐůŽƐ
ƚĠƌŵŝĐŽƐ Ğ ĂůĞƌƚĂŶĚŽ ƉĂƌĂ Ă ŶĞĐĞƐƐŝĚĂĚĞ ĚĞ
ĂĚŝĕĆŽ ĚĞ ƐƵƉŽƌƚĞƐ͘ ƐŝŵƵůĂĕĆŽ ŵĞĐąŶŝĐĂ
ĞƐƚƌƵƚƵƌĂů ƚĞŵ ƵŵĂ ǀĂƐƚĂ ĂƉůŝĐĂďŝůŝĚĂĚĞ Ğ
